Why do Teens Contemplate to Suicide essays

For what reason do Teens Contemplate to Suicide articles For what reason do Teens Contemplate to Suicide? As the third biggest reason for death between the ages of 15 and 24, the pre-adult self destruction rate has significantly increased since 1960. This is the main age bunch in which an expansion has happened in the course of the most recent three decades. While there are roughly 10,000 detailed youngster suicides yearly, it is evaluated that the quantity of high schooler suicides is really three to multiple times that number when unreported passings and self destruction counterparts are included. The high school years are a time of strife for pretty much everybody. Youre learning new social jobs, growing new connections, becoming acclimated to the adjustments in your body, and settling on choices about your future. Furthermore, when youre searching for answers to issues, it can appear as though nobody has them. That can cause an individual to feel very alone. Young people experience solid sentiments, disarray, self-question, strain to succeed, budgetary vulnerability, and different fe elings of dread while growing up. Young people end it all on the grounds that there is an excess of agony in their lives and they can do one of the two things; move from the torment or figure out how to adapt to the torment. While a few young people figure out how to adapt to the torment, others endeavor self destruction. Self destruction among youngsters have expanded across the nation in the ongoing years and it is significant that everybody knows about the significant causes, side effects, and strategies for anticipation of this self-dispensed demise. To additionally get self destruction, one must investigate the various purposes for the demonstration itself. Self destruction is certifiably not a hereditary malady, yet rather a progression of occasions that are discouraging or unpleasant. Without sadness, a great many people would not endeavor to end their own lives. Discouragement is a fundamental issue in pretty much every self destruction endeavor. The casualty feels discouraged and everything is by all accounts going the incorrect way. Melancholy isn't simply pity. Sorrow is a mellow structure dysfunctional behavior, which can be lasting or impermanent. It very well may be... <!

Comparative Analysis of Cultural Ideologies in Norway and the United St

Relative Analysis of Cultural Ideologies in Norway and the United States The purpose of this paper is to analyze individualistic and communitarian social philosophies inside two particularly unique worlds of politics. The principal challenge in looking at two countries is choosing which approach is generally proper. There are a few methodologies in political theory that have demonstrated most useful when making correlations. This investigation will utilize a relative government way to deal with look at the political establishments, procedures, constitutions, and elements of government inside every one of the two nations chose. The nations that have been decided for this investigation are United States and Norway, separately. Gregory Scott accepts that the basic parts of human connection in the public eye are the requirement for network (solidarity) and the requirement for uniqueness. The contention is that the whole history of governmental issues is to a great extent the narrative of how networks and countries settled the intrinsic clash between the all inclusive requirements for network and uniqueness. With that, the theme that this paper will in general location has developed, inside the investigation of governmental issues in this class and others, as the absolute generally powerful in scope and in suggestion. Opportunity, fairness, and equity join to manufacture a significant contention for the individualistic philosophy. Authority, request, and majority rule government are for the most part constructing obstructs for the contention of the communitarian. Scott takes note of that quite a bit of what propels independent is a powerful urge for opportunity. This creator additionally contends that we are on the whole reliant and authority is advocated by the need to carry request to social orders contending qualities and considerations. In examining the historical backdrop of mankind, the battleground that has been shaped between the requirement for distinction and solidarity is obvious. A person’s perspective on the idea of mankind is key to their perspective on government, and its degree. In the event that individuals are viewed as hazardous, at that point a legislature to shield individuals from that risk is generally proper. On the off chance that individuals are seen as fit for satisfying their own innovative potential, you may need a legislature that ensures singular freedoms (Scott, 47). These are for the most part instances of basic beliefs for the whole establishment of government and of legislative issues. This contention, for the utilization and extent of government, is separated into a wide range of contentions that address essential issues o... ...hild advantage conspire, and the expansion of charges in power and warming oil utilization. Network Statistics v Official Name: The Kingdom of Norway v Population: 4,504,000 as of Jan. 2001 v System of Government: Constitutional Monarchy v Geographical Area: 385,155 sq. km. v Monetary Unit: Norwegian kroner, NOK v Coastline Length: 21,192 km. v Economic Indicators: Inflation rate (2000) 3.1%; Gross Domestic Product (1999) 1,192,826 million NOK; Gross Domestic Product per capital (1999) 267,328 US of America As per political specialists, the United States is thought of and â€Å"individualistic† society. A general public that is very competent in working all alone, and not so much depending on others to train them in finding out the very fundamentals of having a practical, free, method of living. To completely comprehend the profundities of the United States’ distinction, a few thoughts must be clarified. Initial, one must comprehend the job of government in the United States. Furthermore, there must be a comprehension of the development of the United States as a general public, and the arrangement of its political structure and belief systems. Next, an

How to Recover From a Smoking Relapse

How to Recover From a Smoking Relapse Addiction Nicotine Use How to Quit Smoking Print How to Recover From a Smoking Relapse By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on October 30, 2019 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD on October 30, 2019 Tadamasa Taniguchi / The Image Bank / Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use How to Quit Smoking After You Quit Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery A smoking relapse  can happen to anyone. You may have gone a few months without a cigarette and were feeling good about it. Then, for some unknown reason, you ask a friend for a smoke and before you know it, youre smoking. This may not lead to a habit, but many people in this situation find that they do return to smoking at least a few cigarettes a day. If this has happened to you, know that you are not alone. Many people have gone down this same road. One study that followed ex-smokers for over 20 years found that 39 percent relapsed at some point. Of those people, 69.5 percent had successfully quit again by the end of the study. While lighting that first cigarette can feel like it happened by chance, its rarely that simple. The good news is that you can get back on track by reexamining your motivations to be an ex-smoker. Recognize Junkie Thinking The seeds of a smoking relapse are often planted days or even weeks before the actual event occurs. The shift in thinking might start with something as simple as passing a stranger sitting on a park bench who is relaxing with a cigarette. You might think,  He gets to smoke, but I cant because I quit. Feelings of deprivation and  sacrifice are part of  junkie thinking.  These are enough to set the stage for a slip. If left unchecked, those thoughts can fester and will grow over time until youre feeling sorry for yourself and obsessing about smoking. Its all about perception. If you tell yourself that smoking has value and youre making a big sacrifice by quitting, youll probably find yourself smoking again eventually. How to Overcome Junkie Thinking Romancing the Cigarette Once you put some distance between yourself and that last cigarette, the edges of your quit can get a little fuzzy. Its easy to forget why you originally thought it was so important to stop smoking. Maybe that chronic cough is gone, or you think that quitting hasnt as hard as you thought it would be. You tell yourself that you could go back to smoking for a little while and then stop againâ€"its really no big deal. Like an unhealthy relationship you had to leave behind, its easy to remember the good times and not the bad. Weve all done it. We think about how nice it was to relax on the deck with a smoke after a big dinner. What we conveniently forget is all of the other cigarettes that were not so enjoyableâ€"the ones that left us with a headache, feeling tired, and out of breath. While you may have the nicotine out of your system, the habit of smoking holds on a lot longer. If junkie thinking takes hold, your mind may come up with some creative justifications to allow  just one cigarette. Theyre all lies, of course, but they can be seductive. Most of us have lost at least one quit attempt to such faulty thinking. Pay close attention to the background noise in your mind and try to  correct thoughts of smoking as they come along. Dont allow them to grow into an urge to smoke that you cant control. Nip smoking thoughts in the bud and protect your quit. Myths About Quitting Smoking Recovering From a Smoking Relapse If youve smoked one cigarette (or more), junkie thinking has gotten its way. It will continue to influence you if you let it. In order to preserve your quit program and avoid a long-term smoking relapse, stop smoking right away and get your mind working for you again instead of against you. You will likely to rationalize why you should put off quitting but dont listen to the lies. Get right back up on that horse and start riding again. Try these suggestions to get yourself back on track: Write out a list of reasons for quitting. If youve done this before, get your list out and read it over, then add to it. Carry it with you and refer to it when you’re feeling unsteady. Those reasons are no less true today than they were when you first quit smoking. Bring them back into focus and theyll help you get your priorities in order.Educate yourself. Read everything you can about what smoking does to your health. Face the dangers of smoking straight on. Its a great way to build resolve.Get support. Whether it is in-person or online, seek out the help of others.  Apply yourself just one simple day at a time. Dont worry about the fact that you slipped; it happens and is in the past. Dont worry about never smoking again, either. Just think about today, and doing the best you can with it. You can stay smoke-free just for today, cant you? Thats really all you need to do. Your quit program will be much easier to maintain if you follow this rule; dont overwhelm yourself by projecti ng forward or back. Your point of power is in the here and now. You cant change what happened yesterday and the best way to influence your future is by doing a good job with today. Keep things simple and in the present tense.Accept yourself. Were all human and make mistakes. You slipped and smoked, but it doesnt mean youre a failure. Learn from what went wrong and make corrections to avoid the same problem in the future.Be kind to yourself and be patient, too. Relax and take your quit as it comes. Youll have good days and bad days, but over time the good will outweigh the bad. Pamper yourself a little and dont expect too much too soon. Slow and steady wins the race every time. This race is one that will reward you with improved health, confidence, and quality of life overall. A Word From Verywell Relapse is not uncommon among people trying to quit smoking. It may occur within the first weeks or months, even years, after your quit date. Try not to take it too hard and refocus your efforts instead. With patience and diligence, you can get past this hurdle and be smoke-free again. Why Do You Want to Quit Smoking?

Comparative Analysis Maupassants The Necklace and...

In human life, we are faced with many difficulties regarding decisions and choices. Often, these choices and pressures bring out the less than desirable in the human soul, where we sometimes believe we have no other choice than to lie. An example of two such stories is Guy de Maupassants The Necklace and Langston Hughes Salvation, where both characters are faced with social and community pressures and make the choice to lie rather than admit the truth. Maupassants story concerns a woman, Mathilde borrows a diamond necklace to wear to a dance, for which her husband obtained a rare invitation. When the necklace is lost, she decides, with her husband, to replace it rather than tell the truth. In Langston Hughes story, a young boy belongs to a church that was caught up in the fever of revival. Everybody in the church was saved. Waiting in vain to feel saved, Langston succumbs to the pressure and pretends to be saved, under great cheering from the rest of the congregation. He is unable to admit this deception and spends the night crying himself to sleep. In both stories, the main characters succumb to social pressure and engage in a form of lying in order to reach the goals they believe society expects of them; the authors demonstrate this by using elements such as setting, symbolism, and irony. Both stories depict a setting that is essentially deceptive by nature. In The Necklace, for example, great importance is placed upon social standing and the appearance

The Struggle in Bread Givers Essay - 1388 Words

The Struggle in Bread Givers Several changes have occurred since the 1920s in traditional family values and the family life. Research revealed several different findings among family values, the way things were done and are now done, and the different kinds of old and new world struggles. In Anzia Yezierskas Bread Givers, Sara and her father have different opinions of what the daughters role should be. Sara believed that she should be able to choose what her life will be, because it is her life. She was assimilated to the new world in this sense. She felt that since she lived in America she should have the right to be free to chose her lifestyle and make it what she wanted. She believed that she should be able to keep†¦show more content†¦Im going to live my own life. Nobody can stop me. Im not from the old country. Im American! Saras father wanted to control everybody elses lives, in his family, but he did not want anyone telling him how to do things. He felt that he should be able to control the family spendings even though he did not earn a penny. He went against his wifes request and used every penny of their savings to buy the store. His wife asked him, Promise me that you wont pay out the money till I come to see what you buy. (113). He went ahead and bought the store without letting his wife come down to see it first like he had promised her. He made a huge mistake then, just as he had with his daughters. He did not pick a good husband for any of his daughters. He was fooled not only by the store owner but also by the daughters husbands. The reason he made all these mistakes is because he would not listen to anyones advice. If he had listened to his wife, he would not have bought the store because she would have been with him, and she would have noticed something was wrong because she was already susp icious. She says, Does he really ask only four hundred dollars for all this?...Ask him to give you a pencil to count up all the goods there is in stock. (114). She has more sense about business then he does, but he gets to be in control of all their money. Today, women have more of a say in what goes on with the financial part of the family as well as with who they are going toShow MoreRelatedInternal Struggles Of The Bread Giver995 Words   |  4 PagesInternal Struggles of the Bread Giver The Bread Giver is about an internal struggle that went on within a recently immigrated Jewish family. Not only were they coping with the changes of coming to America, but gender roles within the larger community were also shifting. The turn of the century was ripe to explore areas of tradition that many racial groups considered revered, and traditionally held beliefs would be called into question when likened to issues of practicality and basic survival needsRead MoreThe Jazz Age Of The 1920 S1272 Words   |  6 Pageswhat people don t realize, is that the 1920’s was not always the non-stop party and drinking days for everyone. Many families and individuals faced the struggles of abject poverty and working conditions, the fear of the Ku Klux Klan, and women wanting women s rights and individualism. The author of my novel had to experience some of these struggles first hand. Born in Shtetl, Russian Poland, Anzia Yezierska immigrated to America in 1890 at eight years old with her poor family consisting of eight siblingsRead MoreThe Struggle for Independence in a New World Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesThe Struggle for Independence in a New World In Anzia Yezierskas novel Bread Givers, we learn about a struggle between Sara Smolinsky and her father. Her father, an Orthodox rabbi, is stuck in the traditions of the old world and will not tolerate Saras longing for independence. This novel takes place in New Yorks Lower East Side, where the population mainly consists of Jewish immigrants who have come to America in hopes of living a better life than they lived in the shtetls. In AmericaRead MoreThe Struggles of Immigrant Women in the Early Twentieth Century 873 Words   |  4 Pagestake care of the children. Because of this, women lacked the chance to go to school and become educated because it was boys who were mainly sent to school. Women were only expected to work and earn money to help support the family. In the novel Bread Givers, a book about an immigrant family in New York, one of the daughters named Sara explains her sister’s role by saying, â€Å"Bessie would rush home the quicker to help Mother with the washi ng or ironing, or bring home another bundle of night work, andRead MoreBread Givers912 Words   |  4 PagesSuccess is achieved by hard work and dedication. In Anzia Yezierska’s book â€Å"Bread Givers† Sara Smolinsky shows how that applied to her life. The author can relate to the story because she was an immigrant from a small Polish village and had to overcome many obstacles to become successful. She rebelled against her parents’ wishes of following the traditional path of a women immigrant and left home at the age of seventeen to live at the Clara de Hirsch home for working girls. The American dream forRead MoreBread Givers Summary Paper1701 Words   |  7 PagesBread Givers The 1920s was a hard and painstaking era in American history. Many familys throughout New York lived in absolute poverty and saved week to week just to make enough to eat and pay the rent. Many Immigrants flooded the streets desperate for work while living conditions were harsh and many starved. This is just the case of the novel Bread Givers, written by Anzia Yezierska. In this story we follow Sarah Smolinsky, an ambiguous independent Jewish girl trapped by her religious traditionsRead MoreBread Givers Summary Paper1702 Words   |  7 PagesBread Givers The 1920s was a hard and painstaking era in American history. Many familys throughout New York lived in absolute poverty and saved week to week just to make enough to eat and pay the rent. Many Immigrants flooded the streets desperate for work while living conditions were harsh and many starved. This is just the case of the novel Bread Givers, written by Anzia Yezierska. In this story we follow Sarah Smolinsky, an ambiguous independent Jewish girl trapped by her religious traditionsRead MoreBread Givers, Analysis of Sara Essay1599 Words   |  7 PagesBread Givers Bread Givers tells the story of Sara Smolinsky, whose life is almost the same as Anzia Yezierska, who is the author. Through Sara we see the collapse of a family because of religion and old world ways. Sara tries so hard to get away from her past but in the end it shows that your family will always be there, for good or bad. Sara Smolinsky is the youngest of four sisters; the eldest is Bessie, whom everyone calls the â€Å"Burden-bearer† because the whole family lives on her pay check. â€Å"IRead More Generational Differences in Yezierska’s Bread Givers Essay3350 Words   |  14 PagesGenerational Differences in Yezierska’s Bread Givers  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Anzia Yezierska’s most-taught novel, Bread Givers, is an extensive observation of relationships in an immigrant family of early 20th century America (Sample 1). Noticeably, one of the most fascinating qualities of Yezierska’s work is that, though most readers probably come from significantly different backgrounds than that of her characters, she writes in a manner that allows her stories to be discussed in contemporary terms, (DruckerRead MoreAttachment, A Deep And Emotional Bond1477 Words   |  6 Pagesmutual. Sociability is characterised as a personality trait, such as ‘she is very social’ however this does not mean that a social person generates ‘connections’ with people, for instance a child can be very social within their peer group but may struggle to empathise with their peers as they cannot form a secure bond. 1.3, 1.2, 2.2 Question 1. Q-Name two studies into attachment theory and explain their outcomes? A- †¢ John Bowlby- ‘Maternal deprivation hypothesis’ Bowlby proposed mental health and

Psychology Post Labor Day Free Essays

This Sync drone results in anxiety, lack of motivation, difficulty concentrating and a feeling of e emptiness during the first few weeks of returning to work. There is a lot of factual inform action that is used to back up this idea. Most of the research is professionally studied and scientifically proved. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology Post Labor Day or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, some evidence is stronger than others. This article provides a lot of evidence. This article is mostly scientific because almost all of the information comes from professional doctors, journals, or SST dies. For example, a study of 96 Dutch workers â€Å"found that health and wellbeing return De to pre vacation levels during the first week back at work. † This was conducted by pro fissionable and published in the journal Work and Stress. The article also states information on and then tells the readers where that information came from, weather it was a jog renal or a person. For example, after the article explains to be alert for symptoms of Pos t Vacation Syndrome, it refers to its source, â€Å"†¦ Says Katherine Mueller, assistant director o f the Center for Integrative Psychotherapy in Allentown, P. † The article gives a thou rough description of who the person is. Her occupation/ position and her location. Some evidence is slightly stronger scientifically than others because of its accuracy. Not all the people who are mentioned in this article are 100% correct but they are not war Eng either. Some evidence gives a more accurate description than others. For example, † An estimated 6% of the U. S. Population suffers from SAD† (Seasonal Affective Dies order) This piece of evidence gives a numerical value which makes it more accurate than the statements above. Most evidence in this article is factual however there are some opinions. Facts are pieces Of information that are scientifically proven while opinions are the way someone thinks and their viewpoint on a topic. For example, Emily Clicking has an opinion on children’s’ and adults’ mindsets on going back to school. ‘†General Y, kids can’t wait to go back to school. For parents, that means months of purchasing , planning, nagging, chauffeuring, chaperoning and negotiating. † This is an opinion because SE it is not true for all children and parents to view going back to school that way. That SST atonement reflects more on Clinician’s point of view than on scientifically proven facts. If Clicking would have mentioned a percentage of how many kids are excited to go back to school and how many parents are not excited for the school year to begin, it would b e a more reliable source. Findings in this article are trustworthy because it uses a lot of sources such as different people and different studies in different journals. This create s an unbiased argument. How to cite Psychology Post Labor Day, Papers

That Drugs Should Be Legalized Essay Research free essay sample

That Drugs Should Be Legalized. Essay, Research Paper Explanation of Positions That drugs should be legalized. There are great Numberss of people in Australia who believe that legalising hard-drugs, such as diacetylmorphine, velocity, cocaine etc, would better the drug job. This may be a true statement, nevertheless such legalisation is yet to be proven, and can do some terrible effects, which outweigh the possible benefits. Such effects include an addition in uncontrolled usage and therefore additions in o.d.ing and endovenous ( I.V. ) transmitted diseases. For several decennaries drugs have been one of the major jobs of society. There have been intensifying costs spent on the war against drugs and infinite dollars spent on rehabilitation, but the job still exists. Not merely has the drug job increased but drug related jobs are on the rise. Drug maltreatment is a slayer in Australia. Some are born nuts, with the dependence being passed on from female parent to child, while others become users. We will write a custom essay sample on That Drugs Should Be Legalized Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The consequence of drug maltreatment is 1000s of nuts in denial, of which some have had to fall back to offense to back up the drug wont. One controversial solution is the proposal of legalising drugs. Although people feel that legalising drugs would decrease offense, it would non work out the larceny of points to back up the drugs merely the offense of ingestion. Drugs should stay illegal in Australia because there would be an addition of drug maltreatment and a rapid addition of diseases such as AIDS. The belief that legalising drugs would decrease offense exists in many communities. They point out that the legalisation of drugs would discourage future condemnable Acts of the Apostless and they emphasize prohibition. When the populace realized that Prohibition could non be enforced the jurisprudence was removed. This is true of intoxicant, nevertheless drugs should non be legalized because there would be an addition I n drug maltreatment due to its handiness, of which there was small earlier. Once legalized, drugs would go cheaper and more accessible to people who antecedently had non tried drugs, because of the high monetary value or the legal hazard. Addicts who tend to halt, non by pick, but because the drugs aren’t accessible would now feed the dependence if drugs were made legal. These drug nuts would non be forced to kick the wont due to the handiness of the drug they would partake thirstily. The enticement to utilize drugs would increase when intelligence studies of cocaine, diacetylmorphine and speed’s legalisation are shown on telecasting and in newspapers. Alternatively of money used by employed nuts, you will see welfare financess used to buy drugs. If welfare financess were to be misused, a major job in the economic system could happen. Health functionaries have shown that the legalisation of drugs would do a rapid addition of diseases such as AIDS. AIDS poses a turning menace to nuts, and therefore to society as a whole. The virus that causes AIDS is turning, due to drug nuts who portion acerate leafs and panpipes. The sharing of such acerate leafs by endovenous drug users helps increase the spread of AIDS. The job is the sharing of acerate leafs, which is doing the spread of AIDS. IV drug maltreaters are killing people all over the universe at an surprisingly fast velocity. AIDS, which surfaced in the 1970 # 8217 ; s, is now on the rise and even more lifelessly to IV drug users. The sharing of acerate leafs must be stopped. Drugs should non be legalized. Although people feel that legalising drugs would decrease offense, drugs should stay illegal in Australia because there would be an addition of drug maltreatment and a rapid addition of diseases such as AIDS. Australia can non afford such a job. Drug maltreatment has gotten worse, with its effects on addicted babes, drug nuts, and the I.V. user. There must be instruction for the endurance of Australia, non legalisation.

American Torture Techniques Against Detainees

American Torture Techniques Against Detainees The U.S. government has been accused of using torture-lite or moderate physical pressure against detainees, persons held in custody for political reasons, typically because they pose a distinct threat to the U.S. or possess information crucial to American security. In practical terms, what does this mean? Palestinian Hanging This form of torture is sometimes  referred to as Palestinian hanging due to its use by the Israeli government against Palestinians. It involves binding the prisoners hands behind his back. After fatigue sets in, the prisoner will inevitably fall forward, putting full body weight on his shoulders and impairing breathing. If the prisoner is not released,  death by crucifixion  may eventually result. Such was the fate of U.S. prisoner  Manadel al-Jamadi  in 2003. Psychological Torture The number one criterion for torture-lite is that it must leave no physical marks. Whether U.S. officials are threatening to execute a prisoners family or falsely claiming that the leader of his terror cell is dead, a steady diet of misinformation and threats can be effective.   Sensory Deprivation Its remarkably easy for prisoners to lose track of time when theyre locked up in cells. Sensory deprivation involves removing all noise and light sources as well. Guantanamo prisoners  were additionally bound, blindfolded and wore earmuffs. Whether prisoners subjected to long-term sensory deprivation can still tell fiction from reality is a matter of some debate.   Starvation and Thirst Maslows hierarchy of needs identifies basic physical needs as the most fundamental, more so than religion, political ideology or community. A prisoner may be given just enough food and water to survive. It may take as long as a week before he appears physically thinner, but his life will come to revolve around a quest for food and he may be more inclined to divulge information in exchange for food and water.   Sleep Deprivation Studies have shown that missing a nights sleep temporarily drains 10 points from a persons IQ. Consistent sleep deprivation  through harassment, exposure to bright lights and exposure to loud, jarring music and recordings can drastically impair judgment and wear down resolve.   Waterboarding Water torture is one of the oldest and most common forms of torture. It arrived in the U.S. with the first colonists and has cropped up many times since then. Waterboarding  is its latest incarnation. It  involves  a prisoner being strapped down to a board then dunked in water. Hes brought back to the surface and the process is then repeated until his interrogator secures the information being sought.   Forced Standing Most common in the 1920s, forced standing involves prisoners standing in place, often overnight. In some cases, the prisoner may face a wall, standing with his arms extended and his  fingertips touching it.   Sweatboxes Sometimes referred to as a hot box or simply as the box, the prisoner is locked up in a small, hot room which, due to lack of ventilation, essentially functions as an oven. The prisoner is released when he cooperates. Long used as a form of torture in the U.S., it is particularly effective in the arid Middle East. Sexual Assault  and Humiliation Various forms of sexual assault and humiliation documented in U.S. prison camps  as forms of torture include forced nudity, forcible smearing of menstrual blood on prisoners faces, forced lap dances, forced transvestitism and forced homosexual acts on other prisoners.

Torture in Modern Society Essay

Torture in Modern Society Essay Free Online Research Papers â€Å"Woman soldier in Iraq committed suicide, upset over torture of prisoners† (Anonymous 6). Such a headline instantly strikes the reader’s mind by bringing them an idea of how harsh torture can be these days. During the war on terror in Iraq, several American troops used a variety of severe torture methods on prisoners of war. Those who were found guilty received long term prison sentences. Also, in the United States, the CIA had developed special interrogation rules for the U.S military interrogators to use on captured prisoners. However, American interrogators went completely against the rules in Iraq. In the Journey into the Whirlwind, Ginzburg mentions information from her personal experience regarding the interrogation and torture methods used on prisoners during Stalin’s purges. By comparing those methods to the ones used by Americans in Iraq, a clear picture can be formed to show how sadistic and inhumane relationships to prisoners of war in today’s society are, despite the fact that Stalin’s purges are now seen as a terrible catastrophe- Americans did not learn the lesson. Throughout her book, Ginzburg undergoes a series of interrogation procedures. Most of these procedures consist only of psychological approaches; however, there are some instances of applied physical force, consisting of beating or kicking the victim in different areas of the body. Interrogators practice making intimidating facial expressions before the initial meetings with their victims, in order to fill them with fear and break them down psychologically: â€Å"I learned that this grimace was part of the interrogators’ stock in trade and that they were made to practice it before a looking glass. But seeing it for the first time, I felt sure that it expressed Vevers’s own attitude to me personally† (Ginzburg 49). After striking victims with fear, interrogators then ask a variety of questions to make them confess and sign falsified documents: â€Å"It is known to the investigators that you belonged to a secret terrorist organization among the editorial staff of R ed Tartary. Do you admit this?† (Ginzburg 50). Most victims can’t take all the false accusations or beatings and sign the documents. This enables them to get out of prison, however, there is no way for them to escape death because the secret police follow and eventually shoot them. Those who don’t give in, like Ginzburg, are put into cells and constantly undergo the same interrogation cycles. Probably the strongest method of interrogation which Ginzburg experiences is called the â€Å"conveyor belt†. This is an uninterrupted process of questioning by a changing team of interrogators, where the victim is put into a room, usually for a couple of days, and is questioned non-stop without any sleep or food. There is absolutely no physical force applied to the victim using this method. As Ginzburg said: â€Å"The object of the conveyor belt is to wear out the nerves, weaken the body, break resistance, and force the prisoner to sign whatever is required† ( Ginzburg 83). Looking at the procedures above, Ginzburg didn’t experience any physical injuries nor was she drugged or sexually humiliated. This was different in comparison to what some prisoners in Iraq went through under U.S. supervision. During the war on terror in Iraq, a lot of information about the actual events leaked out. For a number of years, the CIA had a fixed set of rules for American interrogators to use on captured prisoners. These consisted of physical methods such as beatings. However, these methods later proved to them that the information they retrieve from their victims is usually unreliable. Eventually, these were later replaced by more, what the CIA believes, efficient psychological methods. These new methods were used on prisoners in Iraq by the U.S military. According to U.S. officials and former prisoners, â€Å"detainees have been stripped naked, covered with hoods, deprived of sleep and light, and made to stand or sit in painful positions for extended periods. Some have been drugged. Sexual humiliation is not unheard of† (Ripley 1). Even though these methods didn’t inflict any physical injuries to the prisoners, they still lead to â€Å"prolonged psychological problems which are far more disabling than the physical pain, leading to suicide or coma† (Ripley 1). Due to the cruel nature of this, the Geneva Convention required that prisoners who underwent such mistreatments be paid â€Å"daily wages† (Ripley 1). The interrogation methods used by the U.S. military were far more dehumanizing and unlawful towards humanity in comparison to Ginzburg’s experiences. Besides the interrogations, Ginzburg mentions about some of the torture means she experiences while in prison. At first, prisoners aren’t tortured by physical means, such as beatings. However, one day, after coming back to her cell, Ginzburg finds one of her cell mates, Zina, lying on the floor, badly bruised: â€Å"On the floor, beside the slop pail, lay Zina. Her white blouse, crumpled, torn, and blood-stained, now looked like a wounded bird. There was a huge bruise on her bare shoulder. We stared in horror. So it had begun! This was the first case (at any rate, the first we had seen) of a woman being beaten during interrogation† (Ginzburg 124). Apart from this, another time when Ginzburg experiences physical torture is when a warder, â€Å"Nabob†, punches her in the stomach and twists her arms, tying her hands with a towel. Luckily, for Ginzburg, she isn’t raped. Basically, the only physical methods of torture Ginzburg experiences are beatings. No other harsh methods are involved. Besides the limited physical tortures, the majority of other tortures Ginzburg experiences are psychological. To try and make her confess to the false accusations, the interrogators put Ginzburg through an extended period of hunger, where she â€Å"eats nothing for a week except a chunk of black bread washed down with hot water† (Ginzburg 67). Keeping prisoners from food for days is one of the psychological torture tactics interrogators use. Also, in order to make every prisoner as uncomfortable and intolerant as possible, the interrogators put more prisoners into a cell than the minimum capacity allowed: â€Å"The cell, which was meant for three, already held five; I was the sixth† (Ginzburg 104). In addition to that, there were â€Å"three wooden bunks and a single large plank bed† (Ginzburg 104). The cells contain rodents and cockroaches. Prisoners have to take turns to sleep on the bed; those without beds sleep on the floor. There is also no light in the cells and prisoners experience eye pain after reading books borrowed from the library. Another form of psychological torture Ginburg experiences is â€Å"The Punishment Cell†, where she is put in half-naked, and left for a certain period of time to withstand the cold and dampness of the cell. These are some methods of psychological torture interrogators use continuously on prisoners. After undergoing such methods, most prisoners become insane and develop an intense desire to get out of prison, therefore confessing to the false accusations and signing documents. However, none of them undergo acts of extreme sadism or forced sex. Unfortunately, things weren’t the same for Iraqi prisoners who were mistreated by American troops. During the reign of Saddam Hussein, the infamous Abu Ghraib prison kept numerous Iraqi prisoners. The conditions were horrible with endless tortures and executions. When the United States occupied Iraq, Abu Ghraib was completely renovated, with some additional facilities added. Most of the world thought that since the Americans had taken over, all the tortures that went on will slowly come to an end. However, after extremely sensitive information of the prison activities was uncovered, citizens of the world were shocked. According to the investigators of the Red Cross, â€Å"Military intelligence used physical and psychological methods of coercion such as Hooding. This prevented prisoners from seeing, disoriented them and prevented them from breathing freely. Hooding was also used in conjunction with beatings thus increasing anxiety as to when blows would come† (Danner 6). Another method used was â€Å"handcuffing with flexi-cuffs, sometimes made so tight and used for such ex tended periods that they caused long-term after affects on hands (nerve damage)† (Danner 6). Prisoners were also â€Å"beat with hard objects such as pistols and rifles; attached to cell doors in humiliating (i.e. naked) or uncomfortable positions; exposed while hooded to loud music or to the sun for several hours during the hottest time of the day† (Danner 6). This wasn’t all. There was also information uncovered about some of the â€Å"unusual methods† used. Some of these consisted of â€Å"breaking of chemical lights and pouring the phosphoric liquid on detainees; sodomizing detainees with a chemical light or a broom stick; using military working dogs to frighten and intimidate detainees† (Danner 8). Probably the most shocking pieces of evidence were the graphic photographs, taken at the time prisoners were abused. The article â€Å"Torture at Abu Ghraib† from The New Yorker, gives a description of the sadistic activities in the photographs: â€Å"In one, Private England, a cigarette dangling from her mouth, is giving a jaunty thumbs-up sign and pointing at the genitals of a young Iraqi, who is naked except for a sandbag over his head, as he masturbates. Three other hooded and naked Iraqi prisoners are shown, hands reflexively crossed over their genitals. A fifth prisoner has his hands at his sides. In another, England stands arm in arm with Specialist Graner; both are grinning and giving the thumbs-up behind a cluster of perhaps seven naked Iraqis, knees bent, piled clumsily on top of each other in a pyramid. There is another photograph of a cluster of naked prisoners, again piled in a pyramid. Near them stands Graner, smiling, his arms crossed; a woman soldier stands in front of him, bending over, and she, too, is smiling. Then, there is another cluster of hooded bodies, with a female soldier standing in front, taking photographs. Yet another photograph shows a kneeling, naked, unhooded male prisoner, head momentarily turned away from the camera, posed to make it appear that he is performing oral sex on another male prisoner, who is naked and hooded† (Hersh 2). By forcing prisoners into such absurd activities, American soldiers went completely â€Å"against the laws of every culture, especially Islamic law, where it is humiliating for men to be naked in front of other men† (Hersh 2). In general, the methods of torture American troops used on Iraqi prisoners consisted of a large variety of extremely inhumane and sadistic acts. The levels of sadism and violence of the troops in Iraq went far beyond the descriptions of Ginzburg’s experiences. In conclusion, after reading this paper, the audience will get an idea that people will never learn from the mistakes which happened in the past, such as torture of innocent people during Stalin’s purges. Instead of making sure that such things will never take occur again, people become even more violent and sadistic. An example of this was what some of the American troops did to the Iraqi prisoners. Such a pattern will continue forever, unless some drastic measures are taken. Perhaps if someone who has high authority reads this paper, they will understand that monitoring the appropriateness of troops’ activities during interrogations should be the highest priority. If more effort was put into that in Abu Ghraib, the horrible events which took place could have been avoided and America’s image wouldn’t have been ruined because of a particular group of sadistic troops. Research Papers on Torture in Modern Society EssayCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationHip-Hop is ArtQuebec and CanadaThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Spring and AutumnAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Compare the yoga system prescribed in the Yoga Sutra to that Essay

Compare the yoga system prescribed in the Yoga Sutra to that prescribed in the Yogavasistha - Essay Example On the other hand, Yoga Vasistha allows an individual to dismiss delusions tied to life that it is just an ordinary event, even in the supreme state. This form of Yoga also indicates that falling of the body cannot lead to failure of the Self (Venkatesananda, 88). Vasistha is quoted to welcome all vagrants that have not found the right path by allowing them to come to terms with the truth through Yoga. Unlike in Yoga Sutra that mostly focuses on identifying the truth, Yoga Vasistha lets the minds inquire about the Self through a person’s consciousness. In this sense, the individual disbands concepts in his/her own perception. However, the individual undergoes a process of spiritual search in both forms of Yoga, in order to come to a certain state of consciousness. The sole aim of both forms of Yoga is to reach a balanced state of mind that would allow an individual to discern the meaning of various

Pay and Reward Compensation Management Research Paper

Pay and Reward Compensation Management - Research Paper Example The internal market influence pay setting based on the local labor markets and the internal wage structures of the firm as well as internal equity. I learnt the importance of international comparison. This was a rather difficult concept to understand at first because I thought the payment determinants were exclusive to each country. While, unique, they are influenced by common trends these include decentralization of collective bargaining that are profoundly influenced by the world economy. From this, I learnt that the global economy has more impacts on the local economics than I had previously imagined. I discovered that the world was moving away from payment based on seniority and time spent working. Starting the UK and branching out worldwide, the last 3 decades payment has been based more on performance and Varied according to output. I thought that was a particularly astute means of determining payment since it has a fairer way of compensating workers based on their hard work. I t confirmed my understanding that compensation to be a way for the employer to give feedback to their staff (NNazir, n.d). This system is gaining favor with employers since it will be based on performance of an employee not merely his/her seniority, the profitability and performance of the company. Therefore, companies will not be disadvantaged incase of non-performing employees and this system will serve to motivate the employees perform, which will serve to reduce the burden on the HR department of companies. I had thought the concept was American but discovered it was originated from the UK. Moreover, I learnt how trade unions together with employers association determine the type of payment. Some unions have opposed this system while most employer association and government have encouraged profit sharing schemes between companies and employees. It was disappointing to learn there are not any definitive figure on this available as it makes it hard to authenticate the conclusion. However, by the figures presented, I learnt that incentive systems have been there since 1998 and 58% of work places had some sort of incentive system. By 2004, 9% had merit based pay and the most recent figure showed that a non-union workplace is more likely to use incentive pay (Kersley et al. 2006). In addition, from the lecture, I learnt the many different forms of payment methods. However, there is still no conclusive evidence of improvements, and  all schemes have different goals. This is because despite the current adoption of performance based payment systems by many companies it has its own challenges, as it calls for close monitoring of quality and training for customer service and quality of employees. Moreover, companies must have in place good operating procedures, should be ready to handle and manage lax and non-performing employees and in order to motivate employees to perform the pay package must be appealing. In addition, it is also taxing during the changeover pr ocess and again this changeover is associated with employees’ turnover. This system often fails since most employees tend to abuse it by aiming to earn much at the expense of offering quality customer service leading to loss of clientele. Variable pay is a rather confusing and the pay systems are dependent on a wide range of factors. In my opinion, the lecture was highly enlightening came out with a lot of knowledge about the various payment compensation systems. Lecture 7 –

Disabled American Veterans (DAV) Services

Disabled American Veterans (DAV) Services The Disabled American Veterans is an association sanctioned by the US Congress for military disabled veterans of the US Armed Forces that helps them and their families through different means. It as of now has more than 1.2 million individuals. Charity Navigator does not rate the DAV as it is a 501(c)(4) association. It does rate the Disabled American Veterans Service Charitable Trust. Debilitated veterans in the US in the result of World War I ended up truly impeded, with minimal legislative backing. A number of these veterans were deaf, blind, or rationally sick when they came back from the front lines. A surprising 204,000 Americans in uniform were injured amid the war. The thought to structure the Disabled American Veterans emerged at a Christmas party in 1920 facilitated by Robert Marx, a U.S. Armed force Captain who had been harmed in November 1918. Despite the fact that it had been utilitarian for a few months at that point, the Disabled American Veterans of the World War was authoritatively made on September 25, 1921, at its first National Caucus, in Ohio. While visiting over the U.S. as a major aspect of the election battle of James M. Cox, Judge Marx promoted the new association, which immediately extended. It held its first national tradition in Detroit, Michigan on June 27, 1921, at which time Marx was selected the first national administrator. In 1922, an auxiliary womens organization was established. The DAVWW continued working through the Great Depression to secure the welfare of disabled veterans, despite the fact that their efforts were vexed by fundraising challenges and the desire of the public to put the World War behind them. In the midst of these agitated years, DAVWW was issued by Congress federal charter, on June 17, 1932. The demands of World War II required the pressing expansion of the organization, which officially transformed its name to Disabled American Veterans to recognize the impact of the new war. In 1941, DAV propelled a direct mail campaign, distributing miniature license plates which could be joined to a key ring with instructions that lost keys should be mailed to the DAVWW, who would return them to the owners. In 1944, the DAV started offering a National Service Training Officer Program at US University in Washington, the first venture of training that finished with a two-year mentorship program. In 1945, the DAV extended the program and accumulated the assembling house, inevitably buying complete responsibility for program in 1950. The program demonstrated dependable and very effective, both in acquiring donations and utilizing veterans in production. By 1952, 350 individuals were utilized in the endeavor, which acquired over $2 million a year in donations. In the mean time, the quantity of disabled veterans had been expanded by the as yet progressing Korean War. The DAV suffered a decrease in the later 1950s and into the 1960s, with lessening funds and leadership; however it energized around the veterans of the Vietnam War furthermore concentrated intensely on living up to expectations for detainees of war and lost in action. Vietnam veterans soon filled the decreased ranks of the National Officers Service. On Veterans Day, 1966, the DAV moved its central command to Cold Spring, Kentucky. The accompanying year, the IdentoTag program was ceased for giving location marks, with an appeal for gift, when changes in license plate rehearses made proceeding with the IdentoTag program impracticable. The DAV experienced generous change in 1993, when inner contentions concerning the administration of the association prompted a watershed election that turned over the organization to new hands and the National Program was redesigned. In 1998, DAV National Wilson Arthur joined with Lois Pope and for Secretary for Veterans Affairs Jesse Brown to push for congressional approval of the American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial. When fundraising was finished in 2010, the DAV and its offshoots had raised more than $10 million for the memorial. Dedication of the memorial is situated for October 5, 2014. This mission of DAV association is to give free proficient aid to veterans and their families in getting advantages and administration earned through military administration by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and different organizations of government. It likewise gives effort concerning its program administrations to the US individuals by and large, and to disabled veterans and their families particularly. Broadening DAVs central goal of trust into groups where these veterans and their families survive a system of state-level offices and neighborhood sections; and giving a structure through which disabled veterans can express their empathy for their kindred veterans exhaustive a variety of volunteer projects. The Disabled American Veterans Organization gives administration for nothing out of pocket through an across the country system of 88 DAV National Service Offices. The Disability Assistance Transition Program administration give free help to administration individuals at Intake Site areas at military establishments by Disabled American Veterans Transition Service Officers with treatment records, recording introductory cases for VA profits and meet with the U.S. Division of Defense, the U.S. Bureaus of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Division of Labor facilitators and different members in the move process from military life to regular citizen life. Numerous outreach programs like DAVs Mobile Service Office, Veterans Information Seminars, Homeless Veterans Initiative and Disaster relief grants. The Mobile Service Office Program is designed to bring assistance for disabled veterans and their families living in geographic provincial areas on veterans benefits, documenting claims and services closer to home by taking out long trips for veterans to the National Service Offices. This outreach project is design to instruct veterans, their families and survivors who are unconscious of veterans legislature benefits and programs, counseling and claims recording assistance service by DAVs National Service Officers (NSO) at communities all through the nation. The Disabled American Veterans Homeless Veterans Initiative is supported by the DAVs Charitable Service Trust and the Columbia Trust, This activity promotes the advancement of supportive housing and necessary services to assist homeless veterans get to be gainful, self-sufficient members of society. DAV Disaster relief grants may be issued with the end goal of giving: nourishment, attire, and transitory shelter or to acquire relief from damage, illness, or personal loss resulting from regular or national disasters that are not secured by insurance or other disaster relief agencies. Since the DAV disaster relief grants program commencement in 1968, $8.7 million has been disbursed to veterans that suffered losses amid characteristic disasters. References: STEVE WILSON, Have a financial plan before transitioning, 2015 Wilborn, Thom ,Architect of Modern DAV Retires, May 2, 2013. Orkin, Lisa Emmanuel, â€Å"Disabled Veterans Memorial has DC Groundbreaking, 2010.

Factors That Affects the Behavior of Students

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING INTRODUCTION This research paper is all about the factors that affect the behavior of high school students in dealing with other people. The researcher chose this kind of problem to be aware of the distinctive behavior of her fellow schoolmates, classmates, batch mates, etc. The researcher conducted this study to know the effective implications for the behaviors. Behaviorism,  a  movement  in  psychology that advocates the use of strict experimental procedures to study observable behavior n relation to the environment.The behavioristic view of psychology has its roots in the writings of the British associationist philosophers as well as in the American functionalist school of psychology and the Darwinian theory of evolution, both of which emphasize the way that individuals adapt and adjust to the environment. These problems disrupt relations with peers and adults and interfere with schooling. Children  and  adolescents who have behavi or disorders typically experience problems that are markedly different from the behavior of students of similar age and cultural background.Students  with  behavior disorders may exhibit any of a wide variety of problems. Behavior  disorders  result from many causes, including biological, familial, and environmental factors. Treatment  of  emotional or behavioral disorders has provoked controversy. Statement of the Problem This study probed on investigate the factors that affect the behavior of high school students in dealing with other people in Maryhill College as perceived by the selected third year students during the school year 2012-2013.Specifically, the study attempted to answer the following questions: 1. Which factor affects the behavior of teenagers most? 2. What are the ways of interacting with other people by the students with behavioral disorders? 3. What are the implications that may prevent this behavior to become worst? 4. What are the effects of being b ullied on the teenager’s behavior? Significance of the Study The study about factors that affect the behavior of high school students in dealing with other people is considered important for the students, teachers, parents, and administrators.In this study, we will be able to discover distinct reasons or causes of the unusual behavior of a student. If we will be able to discover the causes of this behavior or some possible treatments and implications, we can prevent it from being worse. This study will benefit the parents by knowing the proper way of parenting and raising their children with this kind of problem behavior and the teachers by being aware on how to properly educate their students who have been dealing with this kind of problem behavior. This study will also benefit the researcher and the subject teacher in the fund of knowledge.Scope and Delimitation This investigation is conducted to determine the factors that affect the behavior of high school students in deal ing with other people. The respondents will be from the selected high school students of Maryhill Collge. It may also be from other fields if needed. This study will be conducted for the school year 2012-2013. Definition of Terms Behaviorism-a movement in psychology that advocates the use of strict experiment procedures to study observable behavior in relation to the environment.Behavior-the way in which a person, organism, or group responds to a specific set of conditions Radical Behaviorism -basic behaviorism Peers-somebody who is the equal of somebody else in age or social class Nurture-people are influenced by genes Genes-the basic unit capable of transmitting characteristics from one generation to the next Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This Chapter will present studies and literature that will give light to the researcher’s problem and will help her arrive in the analysis and interpretation of the findings. Related LiteratureThe social behavior and attitudes of a child, even as he grows older and comes in contact with more and more people outside the home, are reflections of patterns prevalent in the child’s home. Habit is a lasting readiness and facility, born of frequently repeated acts for acting in a certain manner. Habits are acquiring inclinations towards something to be done. The word â€Å"habit-forming† that we use to refer to certain experiences shows how easy to overcome or alter. It acquires a strong willed person to correct a habit successfully within a limited period of time.Habits are acquired. Once acquired, they become very difficult to alter. They are therefore relatively permanent. Acquiring a habit is like starting a pathway across a lawn. Habits are not formed in an instant. They result from constantly repeated actions. After they are formed, they do not vanish instantly. It would acquire a tremendous effort to change a habit. Once family background characteristics were controlled, classroom effects such as children's overall behavior were analyzed, as were cross-level interactions between classroom and family effects.The results revealed that good behavior in the classroom and adequacy of classroom supplies were the most consistent predictors of improvement in children's self-control and behavior. Furthermore, cross-level interactions suggested that good behavior in the classroom and supplies can boost resiliency by allowing children to overcome certain deficits at home. Implications for further research and educational policy are discussed. These two forms of behavior are related to quarreling. This may consist of calling others nicknames that arouse their anger or putting emphasis on their physical or mental weaknesses.In bullying, the attacker attempts to inflict physical pain on others because of the pleasure he derives from watching their discomfort and their attempts to retaliate. Older children usually engage in these two forms of behavior. Peer pressure is asso ciated in adolescents of all ethnic and racial backgrounds with at-risk behaviors such as cigarette smoking, truancy, drug use, sexual activity, fighting, shoplifting, and daredevil stunts. Again, peer group values and attitudes influence more strongly than do family values the level of teenage alcohol use.The more accepting peers are of risky behavior, and the more they participate in that behavior, the more likely a person is to do the same thing. Culture and lifestyle strongly affect behavior for the outstandingly obvious reason that they are behavior. One's lifestyle is a collection of behaviors and habits that one perpetuates. One's culture is the setting in which one enacts those behaviors and habits which make up one's lifestyle and, due to the nature of setting, culture will, of necessity, affect one's lifestyle and, by connection, behavior.All children engage in bad behavior every now and then but some children exhibit highly challenging behavior that are consistently inapp ropriate for their age. Often those children do not simply exhibit a behavioral problem, but have an underlying behavior disorder. While there are many behavioral disorders that may e diagnosed in children, three of the most common include Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Conduct Disorder (CD) & Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Social Development means the attaining of maturity in the social relationships.It is the process of learning to conform to group standards, mores and traditions and becoming imbued with a sense of oneness, intercommunications, and cooperation. It was applied to a grouping within the social sciences generally understood to encompass anthropology, sociology, and psychology, except for certain nonbehavioral or nonscientific aspects of other social and biological sciences, such as biology, economics, history, geography, law, psychiatry and political science. The aim of behavioral science is to establish generalizations about human behavior tha t can be supported by empirical evidence.The study of group behavior has a long tradition among social scientists in various disciplines; it does not confine itself to any one of the recognized social sciences alone. The management field has been among those very interested in studying group behavior, particularly in the Philippines where people even in the work setting have displayed strong groupy tendencies as shown in their practices of â€Å"tayo-tayo†(we syndrome), smooth interpersonal relationships and â€Å"pagsasamahan†(togetherness). Distinction is made between human acts and acts of man. The human acts are those actions which man performs knowingly, freely and voluntarily.These actions are the result of conscious knowledge and are subject to the control of the will. We will refer to those action as deliberate, intentional, or voluntarily. The acts of man are those actions which happen in man. They are instinctive and are not within the control of the will. Su ch actions are the biological and physiological movements in man such as, metabolism, respiration, fear, anger, love & jealousy. Human behavior consists of any act of an individual person that reflects his thoughts feeling, emotions, and sentiments and in general, his state or condition.These may be conscious or unconscious activities that are predicted on his needs, values, motivations and aspirations. The art of human behavior is an old as the relationship between and among individuals and groups. Behavior modification is based on the premise that behavior is controlled by the nature of its consequences. The likehood that behaviors will be repeated increases when it is accompanied by favorable consequences. Absence of any significant consequences leads to instinction of behavior.Thus, in order to obtain the desired behaviors over the long term, these must be accompanied. Related Studies According to Watson’s theory, all complex forms of behavior – emotions, habits, a nd such – are seen as composed of simple muscular and glandular elements that can be observed and measured. He claimed that emotional reactions are learned in much the same way as other skills. Based on Skinner’s theory, known as radical behaviorism, is similar to Watson’s view that psychology is the study of observable behavior of individuals interacting with their environment.Skinner, however, disagrees with Watson’s position that inner processes, such as feelings, should be excluded from the study. He maintains that these inner processes should be studied by the usual scientific methods, with particular emphasis on controlled experiments using individual animals and humans. His research with animals focusing on the kind of learning – known as operant conditioning – that occurs as a consequence of stimuli, demonstrates that complex behavior such as language and problem solving can be studied scientifically.He postulated a type of psycholog ical conditioning known as reinforcement. According to Dr. Leticia Penano-Ho, â€Å"The Bullies have a strong need to dominate; impulsive and easily angered; defiant and aggressive toward adults; prefer TV shows, music, music and reading materials with violent themes; may be involved in gangs or anti-social group on the fringe of peer acceptance; have had negative parenting and have failed to bond with their caregivers leading to feeling of alienation; have little or no supervision and often victims of abuse in home.The Bullied are cautious, sensitive, quiet, withdrawn, and shy, anxious, insecure, unhappy and have low self esteem; are depressed and engage in suicidal ideation; do not have a single good friend and can relate better to adults than to peers; and very often have real or perceived disabilities. Chapter III METHODOLOGY Research Design The research study used the descriptive method of research. This was said to be descriptive because it described the factors that affects the behavior of the teenagers. Through the kind of method, the researcher would be able to describe the factors that affect the behavior of teenager. Sources of DataThe respondents of this research were the 10 selected high school students of Maryhill College Lucena City. The said respondents were chosen because they were the one who experienced the changes that were happening around them that usually affect their behavior. Instrumentation The researcher used the questionnaire as the source of information for the study. Though the questionnaire, the researcher would be able to determine the factor that affects the behavior of teenagers at the recent time. The questionnaires were distributed to after it was explained to them that the said questionnaire would be retrieved after two days.Data Gathering Procedure The researcher gathered data through the use of the questionnaire. These questionnaires were distributed to the 40 selected high school students of Maryhill College. And aside from the questionnaire, book and internet website were also used by the researcher as a supplementary for this research study. Through this questionnaire and the reference used, the researcher was able to determine the problem which is the factors that affects the behavior of the teenagers. This research study would also serve as a reference for those people who are curious about the factors that affect the behavior of an individual.Data Analysis Plan To ensure systematic and objective presentation, analysis, and interpretation of research data, the following statistical tools and techniques will be applied: frequency count, percentage and weighted mean. Frequency Count and Percentage. These descriptive measures will be used in presenting the profile of the respondents. Percentage will be computed by the following formula: P=FN100 Where: P=percentage F=frequency N=total number of cases Weighted Mean. This descriptive measure will be employed in determining the responses of the respo ndents. The formula to be applied is: WM=sumofWFNWhere: WM=weighted mean W=weight of a response F=frequency of a response N=total number of cases Chapter 4 ANALYSIS, PRESENTATION, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA Gender of the respondents Age of the respondents Figure 1 Parent's Status of the Respondents Figure 1 shows that 28 or 70% have answered together as their parent's status, 6 or 15% have answered that their parents is an Overseas Filipino Worker, 3 or 7. 5% answered that their parents were separated. Figure 2 Figure 2 shows that 33 or 82. 5% of the respondents answered that they are not a bully while 7 or 17. 5% of the respondents answered that they are a bully.Figure 3 Figure 3 shows that 22 or 55% of the respondents are experiencing being bullied while 18 or 45% answered that they haven't experienced being bullied. Figure 4 Problem Behavior occur in when needed to perform a task Figure 4 shows that 33 or 82. 5% of them answered that the problem behavior only occur sometimes when needed to perform a task, 4 or 10% of the 40 respondents answered never, and 3 or 7. 5% answered always. Figure 5 Do their friends leave them alone? Figure 5 shows that 23 or 57. 5% of the respondents answered never in the question of â€Å"Do their friends leave them alone? 12 or 30% answered sometimes while 5 or 12. 5% answered always. Figure 6 Do their classmates verbally respond or laugh at them? Figure 6 shows that 21 or 52. 5% of the 40 respondents answered sometimes in a given question: â€Å"do their classmates verbally respond or laugh at them? â€Å", 14 or 35% answered never, and 5 or 12. 5% answered always. Figure 7 Problem behavior more likely occur following a conflict outside the classroom. Figure 7 shows that 27 or 67. 5% answered that the problem behavior occur in a conflict outside the classroom only sometimes, 8 or 20% answered never, 5 or 12. % answered always. Figure 8 Problem behavior occur to get others attention? Figure 8 shows that 20 or 50% answered som etimes, 18 or 45% answered never, and 2 or 5% answered always in the question that their problem behavior occur to get others attention. Figure 9 Problem behavior occurs in the presence of specific peers. Figure 9 shows how often the problem behavior occurs in the presence of specific peers. 26 or 65% answered sometimes, 10 or 25% answered never, and 4 or 10% answered always. Figure 10 Problem behavior stops when peers stop interacting with the student.Figure 10 shows how often the problem behavior stops when peers stop interacting with the student. 27 or 67. 5% answered sometimes, 11 or 27. 5% answered never, and 2 or 5% answered always. Figure 11 Problem behavior occurs during specific academic activities. Figure 11 shows how often the problem behavior occurs during specific academic activities. Of the 40 respondents, 22 or 55. 5% answered sometimes, 13 or 32. 5% answered never, and 12. 5% answered always. Figure 12 Factors that affects the behavior| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Over-all Rankin g| | F %| F %| F %| F %| F %| | School Influences| 5 12. | 7 17. 5| 10 25| 14 35| 4 10| 4| Community| 2 5| 6 15 | 4 10| 12 30| 16 40| 5| Peers| 16 40| 10 25| 5 12. 5| 5 12. 5| 4 10| 1| Family| 9 22. 5| 14 35| 7 17. 5| 4 10| 6 15| 2| Attitude| 7 17. 5| 7 17. 5| 14 30| 5 12. 5| 7 17. 5| 3| Figure 12 shows that 16 or 40% of the respondents answered peers as the number 1 in the factors the affects the behavior most, second is the family, third is the attitude, fourth is the school influences, and lastly, community influences. Chapter 5SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This chapter deals with the summary, findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. The data gathered were summarized and presented in this chapter. Summary This study was conducted for the purpose of determining the factors that affects the behavior of the high school students in Maryhill College. The descriptive method of research was utilized and the normative survey technique was used for gathering data . The questionnaire served as the instrument for collecting data. Selected high school students were the respondents. The inquiry was conducted during the school year 2012-2013. 1.Which factor affects the behavior of teenagers most? 2. How do the students with behavioral disorders interact with other people? 3. What are the implications that may prevent this behavior to become worst? 4. Does being bullied affects the behavior of the teenager? Findings After gathering the data and applying the necessary methods and statistical treatment, the following findings were revealed: 1. Based on the findings, among the five factors, peers ranks number 1, second is the family, third is the attitude, fourth is the school influences, and lastly, community influences. 2. They interact with other people in their own distinct ways.Some interacts just like anybody and some interacts just to get somebody's attention. 3. Based on the findings, most of the teenagers are very much affected with their pe ers. Thus, the disciplinarian, the parents, or the student itself must help themselves by preventing this problem behavior and to be motivated to become a better person. 4. Yes. Being bullied affects the behavior teenager. Being tolerated, facing in different criticisms, negative vibes, and being bullied affect the behavior of the teenagers a lot because most of them are losing their self-esteem and confidence. Thus, the teenager is affected by this.Conclusions The researcher concluded that: 1. Peers affect the behavior of teenagers most. 2. The teenager who has this problem behavior interacts with other people defiantly. 3. Proper parenthood is the best implementations to prevent this behavior to become worst. 4. Being bullied by a bully affects the behavior of the teenager a lot. Recommendations The researcher would like to recommend the following: To the parents 1. Proper parenthood is advised. 2. Parent-children communication is a must. To the teachers, 1. Have the proper way of educating students by trying to understand its deficiency.To the students, 1. Be aware of your peers. They may affect your behavior. 2. Don’t let anybody to let you down. 3. Build your own confidence. BIBLIOGRAPHY Book Custodia A. Sanchez, Paz F. Abad, and Loreto U. Jao, General Psychology Fourth Edition. (Manila:Rex Bookstore, Inc. , 2002)p. 33 RufinaSiruno and Edgardo Siruno. Child Growth and Development. (Manila: Rex Book Store, 1988),p. 94 Ramon Agapay, Ethnics and the Filipino (Mandaluyong, Manila: National Book Store, Inc. ,1991) p. 25-26 Rufina Siruno and Edgardo Siruno. Child Growth and Development. (Manila: Rex Book Store, 1988),p. 4 Encyclopedia Americana, (USA: Grolier Incorporated) vol. 25, p. 131 Conception RodilMartines and Galileo Fule, Management of Human Behavior in Organizations. (Diliman Quezon City: National Book Store, 1993), p. 67 Ramon B. Agapay, Ethics and the Filipino (Mandaluyong Manila: National Book Store, Inc. , 1991) p. 11 Conception R. Martines , Management of Human Behavior in Organizations. (Diliman Quezon City: National Book Store, 1993), p. 17 Electronic Devices Bijou, Sidney W. â€Å"Behaviorism. â€Å"Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008. Lloyd, John Wills. Education of Students with Behavior Disorders. â€Å"Microsoft Encarta ® 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008. http://www. eric. ed. gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini. jsp? _nfpb=tr Personal author, compiler, or editor name(s); click on any author to run a new search on that name. Thomson Gale. World of Health. http://www. bookrags. com/research/peer-pressure-woh/. 2005 Lyman Stone. How much does culture and lifestyle affect behavior?. http://www. helium. com/items/493732-how-much-does-culture-and-lifestyle-affect-behavior, 2002-2009 http://www. kidsdevelopment. co. k/BehaviouralDisordersChildren. html,2000-2009 Leticia Penano-Ho, â€Å"The Bully and the Bullied†, Manila Bulletin, 17 March 2008. APPENDICES APPENDIX A Letter of Transmittal for Gathering Data Maryhill College Basic Education Department Lucena City SY 2012-2013 March 8, 2013 Dear Respondents, The undersigned is conducting a study on â€Å"Factors Affecting the Behavior of Students in Dealing with Other People†. I have constructed questionnaire to gather information that will help to answer the problems. You have to answer truthfully the given questions so that I will have reliable data to prove my research.Your anonymity and the information you will give will be treated with confidentiality. Thank you very much for kind response to my request. Sincerely yours, Christian KING Z. Dimaculangan Researcher APPENDIX B Questionnaire GENERAL DIRECTIONS: Please accomplish this questionnaire very carefully and honestly. Please rest assured that any information that you supply will be treated with the greatest confidentiality. AGE____ GENDER ____ DIRECTIONS: Please check the best answer. 1) Parent’s Status ___ Together ___ Separated ___ OFW father or mother ___ Both OFW ___ Others please specify ) Do you have friends? ___ Yes ___ None 3) Are you a Bully? ___ Yes ___ No 4) Have you experienced being bullied? ___ Yes ___ No DIRECTIONS: Keep in mind a typical episode of the problem behavior, check the best answer. 1) Does your problem in behavior occur and persist when it is needed to perform a task? ____ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 2) During a conflict with peers or if you are engaged in the problem behavior do your friends leave you alone? ____ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 3) When the problem in behavior occurs, do your classmates verbally respond or laugh at you? ___ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 4) Is your problem in behavior more likely to occur following a conflict outside the classroom? ____ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 5) Does your problem in behavior occur to get others attention? ____ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 6) Does your proble m in behavior occur in the presence of specific peers? ____ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 7) Does the problem in behavior stop when peers stop interacting with the student? ____ Always ____ Sometimes ____ Never 8) Does your problem in behavior occur during specific academic activities? ____ Always ___ Sometimes ____ Never Rate the following factors from 1-5 that affect your behavior most. Write the number at left side of the word. And use 1 as the factor that affect your behavior most and 5 as the factors which affects your behavior less _____School _____ Community influences _____ Peers _____ Family _____ Attitudes THANK YOU! APPENDIX C Talligram PARENT’S STATUS| Together| Separated| OFW| Others| | IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III| III| IIIII-I| III| Total| 28| 3| 6| 3| ARE YOU A BULLY? | Yes| No| | IIIII-II| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III| Total| 7| 33| EXPERIENCED BEING BULLIED? Yes| No| | IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-II| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III| Total| 22| 18| Probl em Behavior occur in when needed to perform a task| Always| Sometimes| Never| | III| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III| IIII| Total| 3| 33| 4| Do their friends leave them alone? | Always| Sometimes| Never| | IIIII-| IIIII-IIIII-II| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III| Total| 5| 12| 23| Do their classmates verbally respond or laugh at them? | Always| Sometimes| Never| | IIIII-| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-I| IIIII-IIIII-IIII| Total| 5| 21| 14| Problem behavior more likely occur following a conflict outside the classroom? Always| Sometimes| Never| | IIIII-| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-II| IIIII-III| Total| 5| 27| 8| Problem behavior occur to get others attention? | Always| Sometimes| Never| | II| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III| Total| 2| 20| 18| Problem behavior occurs in the presence of specific peers. | Always| Sometimes| Never| | IIII| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-I| IIIII-IIIII-| Total| 4| 26| 10| Problem behavior stops when peers stop interacting with the student. | Always| Sometimes| Never| | II| IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-II| IIIII-IIIII-I| Total| 2| 27| 11|Problem behavior occurs during specific academic activities. | Always| Sometimes| Never| | IIIII-| IIIII-IIIII- IIIII-IIIII-II| IIIII-IIIII-III| Total| 5| 22| 13| Factors that affects the behavior| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Over-all Ranking| School Influences| IIIII-| IIIII-II| IIIII- IIIII-| IIIII- IIIII- IIII| IIII| 4| | 5| 7| 10| 14| 4| | Community| II| IIIII-I| IIII| IIIII- IIIII-II| IIIII- IIIII- IIIII-I| 5| | 2| 6| 4| 12| 16| | Peers| IIIII- IIIII- IIIII-I| IIIII- IIIII-| IIIII-| IIIII-| IIII| 1| | 16| 10| 5| 5| 4| | Family| IIIII- IIII| IIIII- IIIII- IIII| IIIII-II| IIII| IIIII-I| 2| | 9| 14| 7| 4| 6| |Attitude| IIIII-II| IIIII-II| IIIII- IIIII- IIII| IIIII-| IIIII-II| 3| | 7| 7| 14| 5| 7| | CURICULUM VITAE Name: Christian King Z. Dimaculangan Nickname: King Birth date: November 17, 1997 Age: 15 years old Birthplace: Lucena City Address: #10 Bolovia St. Better Living Subd. ,Isabang, Lucena City Contact Number: 0933-214-5217 Father:Dennis Dimaculangan Occupation: Store Manager Mother: ChonaDimaculangan Occupation: Medical Secretary Educational Background: St. Gerard Inc. (Preparatory) Maryhill College (Elementary-Present) [2004-Present] Organizations: Youth for Christ Habitat for Humanity

Social Teachings of the Church

Social Teachings of the Church Catholic social teaching is a body of doctrine developed by the Catholic Church on matters of poverty and wealth, economics, social organization and the role of the state and according to Pope John Paul II, its foundation â€Å"rests on the threefold cornerstones of human dignity, solidarity and subsidiarity. † It is the basis of how the short film that depicts how the leftovers of one fast food chain then become the meals of impoverished hungry people.First of all, Catholic social teaching, as mentioned above, is based on human ignity, solidarity, and subsidiarity and has been developed to aid with such matters. Dignity, which is innate, being human makes us all equal, there are no differences regardless of any race, sex, age, or even economic status. Solidarity, that we are all brothers and sisters, that we are all one human race, that what happens is for the common good. And subsidiarity, that there should be a limit on the role of the governm ent.The principles are meant to help one Judge what is fair or â€Å"equitable. † They allow us to look at social situations with a rubric for how they should be andled and how we all should be treated and how we should treat others. The social situation that was depicted in the short film was that of hunger, inequality, and poverty. First we should ask ourselves if what was depicted is fair. Is it fair that people, who have the same dignity as you and me, eat the refuse of others? Is it fair that while people get to live large, there are others barely surviving?Is it not that we are all humans, all with equal dignity? Shouldn't the common good of all be what all people should strive for? These are the questions that the principles of the ocial teachings of the church can answer. The principle of human dignity- it simply means and states that all humans are equal because by being human we are all born with equal dignity regardless of status. In the case, these people are look ed down upon and are pitied because they have to eat what others throw out, it is not fair.We are all equal, and those who suffer from poverty should have the same opportunities as everyone else, it does not only limit itself to the bodily needs such as food, but also life in general and what they should be able to accomplish. We are all equal, equal ignity; therefore we should have equal opportunities in life. The principle of Respect for Human Life- it is that human life is sacred, it is precious at every stage, from as soon as life is conceived to the moment of death, it is precious and should be cherished and respected.How are those with less respected? They are given the waste of others and food is a basic necessity of man and thus is one of the things that allow a person to live and if one is not given the proper nutrition then this life is not respected. Everyone is worthy of protection and respect. The Principle of ssociation- the centerpiece of society is the family, and it is through the family along with other social institutions that promote growth, human dignity and the common good. In the case, was common good promoted?The less fortunate were unable to get the same things and treatment as other people; our families with other social institutions such as the church can help promote common good and actually make a change about the situation that the less fortunate are in. The Principle of Participation- without participation, the benetl ts received through social institutions ill not be able to be achieved and received, The human person has the right to not shut out from participating in those institutions to achieve fulfillment.The less fortunate, the ones in the case as well, should be allowed the opportunities to participate in social institutions to achieve their fulfillment and to not Just live a live of subsistence, one that has them eating the refuse of others. The preferential protection for the poor and vulnerable- Society is marred by dif ferent social classes and divisions and those that are not as fortunate, poor and vulnerable, should be hose who are to be helped first. Why?Because they themselves cannot do anything about it and for the common good to be achieved, those who have more must achieve and allow to prevail the protection and support of those who are less fortunate. For society to be whole, common good must be achieved. Those in the case must be helped, their common good must be kept in mind as well and those with the power to achieve this common good should be able to aid those who are in need. The Principle of Solidarity- this teaching proclaims that we are our brothers' and sisters' eepers, wherever they live.We are one human family; we must learn to love our neighbors. This functions as a moral category that leads us to promote and protect the common good. In the case, those who are impoverished, are they treated as our brothers and sisters? Would you give your sisters your leftovers from the trash? I think not; this principle means that we aim for the common good, we are one human family and all we do should help one another, to not be selfish. The principle of stewardship- The Catholic tradition insists that we show our respect for the Creator y our stewardship of creation.We are managers; we must be morally responsible for our environment. These responsibilities also extend to our use of personal talents, our attention to personal health and our use of personal property. We all have talents, and we must use them for the common good. Those who have the ability to help others out should be able to do Just that, be stewards and protect those who are more in need, not only the less fortunate but also our environment for future generations so that the conditions in future generations may even improve nd that cases like this one will even be extinct. ? The principle of Subsidiarity- the principle of subsidiary puts a proper limit on government by insisting that no higher level of organization should perform something that can be handled by a lower level of organization. This takes away the chance of oppressive governments controlling everything. But in the case the government should be helping as well because the government governs its people and should look out for its common good, providing opportunities for its people. The principles of human Equality- We are all equal ecause we are all humans with the same dignity.Being equal and treating others equally is a way of defining Justice and it is this â€Å"fairness† of what is right or wrong that defines how we should all be treated. In the case, are these people equal? Are they being treated fairly? I think not, and this is a simple principle which means so much because we should all be treated equally and fairly, it s what is required of us, it is what God wants. The principle of common good- the common good is understood as the social conditions that allow people to reach their full human otential and to realize their human dignity.What everyone does, all actions, should be for this- the common good. We are all one human race and advancements by some shoul d be snared by all and we should all be able to snare the same opportunities and resources that will allow us to develop and realize our dignity, which makes us all equal. In conclusion, before enumerating these principles, I asked certain questions about equality, fairness, and dignity. The case depicted in the short film should not be a reality, these principles should be guides on what we hould be able to do to help the less fortunate and end these harsh social realities.I have answered these first questions with these principles and the answer is NO; these people should not be living a life of poverty, that the common good should be achieved, how we have the abilities to help these people, and how we are all humans with equal dignity so it should be that we all are treated fairly, equally, and Justly.

Toys Project - 34340 Words

UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI EKONOMSKA FAKULTETA SPECIALISATION THESIS Tatjana MEDIC UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI EKONOMSKA FAKULTETA PODIPLOMSKI STUDIJ SPECIALISATION THESIS International Business Strategy Of Toysâ€Å"R†Us For The Norwegian Market Ljubljana, May 2002 Tatjana MEDIC Conformation Tatjana Medic, a student of the University of Economics in Ljubljana, hereby confirms to be the author of this specialisation thesis written under the guidence of Professor Tone Hrastelj. Pursuant to 1st paragraph of the 21st article of the Law of the author and legal rights I give the University of Economics in Ljubljana the right to use and publish this thesis. Ljubljana, 23 May 2002 Tatjana Medic Izjava Studentka Tatjana Medic†¦show more content†¦However, as recently as the 1970s, some governments and firms saw international marketing as an â€Å"optional extra† of minor importance. International business was typically considered a field reserved for a few trading companies and specialists. Other firms were content to focus on their domestic markets and disregarded international dimensions. Conditions have changed. Global trade has rapidly increased in both volume and value, reaching nowadays more than $4 trillion in 1997 (Daniels J.D., Radebaugh, 1998, pg. 529). Competition is fierce from all corners of the world. Failure at the global level can backfire and may consume existing brands and business relationships. At the same time, global opportunities have emerged that offer possibilities for growth, profit, and an improvement in worldwide standards of living. Today, firms have to deal with a global marketplace; marketers have no other choice. Participation in global marketing has begun to shift from a mere â€Å"option† to an imperative. The world is becoming more homogeneous. 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